A Collection of Classic and New Poems for Winter

A Collection of Classic and New Poems for Winter At the point when the virus twists start to blow and the evenings arrive at their longest stretch at the solstice, winter has shown up. Artists through the ages have loaned their plumes and pens to compose refrains about the season. Cuddle up around the fireside with a snifter of cognac or a cup of hot cocoa or go out to welcome the late morning dawn and mull over these sonnets. This compilation of winter sonnets starts with a couple of works of art before proposing some new sonnets for the season. Winter Poems from the sixteenth and seventeenth Century The Bard of Avon had a few sonnets about winter. No big surprise, since the Little Ice Age kept things chilled back then. William Shakespeare,â€Å"Winter† from Loves Labors Lost (1593)William Shakespeare,â€Å"Blow, Blow Thou Winter Wind† from As You Like It (1600)William Shakespeare,Sonnet 97 - â€Å"How like a winter hath my nonappearance been† (1609)Thomas Campion,â€Å"Now Winter Nights Enlarge† (1617) Winter Poems from the eighteenth Century The pioneers of the Romantic Movement wrote their sonnets end of the eighteenth Century. It was a period insurgency and gigantic changes the British Isles, the settlements, and Europe. Robert Burns,â€Å"Winter: A Dirge† (1781)William Blake,â€Å"To Winter† (1783)Samuel Taylor Coleridge,â€Å"Frost at Midnight† (1798) Winter Poems from the nineteenth Century Verse bloomed in the New World and female writers additionally transformed the nineteenth century. Other than the intensity of nature in winter, writers, for example, Walt Whitman likewise observed the innovative and synthetic condition. John Keats,â€Å"In drear-nighted December† (1829)Charlotte Brontà «,â€Å"Winter Stores† (1846)Walt Whitman,â€Å"To a Locomotive in Winter† (1882)Robert Louis Stevenson,â€Å"Winter-Time† (1885)George Meredith,â€Å"Winter Heavens† (1888)Emily Dickinson,â€Å"There’s a specific Slant of light† (#258)Emily Dickinson,â€Å"It filters from Leaden Sieves† (#311)Robert Bridges,â€Å"London Snow† (1890) Great Winter Poems from the Early twentieth Century The mid twentieth century saw colossal changes in innovation and furthermore the gore of World War I. Be that as it may, the difference in season to winter was a consistent. Regardless of how much humanity looks to control the earth, nothing keeps down the beginning of winter. Thomas Hardy,â€Å"Winter in Durnover Field† (1901)William Butler Yeats,â€Å"The Cold Heaven† (1916)Gerard Manley Hopkins,â€Å"The Times Are Nightfall† (1918)Robert Frost,â€Å"An Old Man’s Winter Night† (1920)Wallace Stevens,â€Å"The Snowman† (1921)Robert Frost,â€Å"Dust of Snow† and â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening† (1923) Contemporary Winter Poems Winter keeps on moving current artists. Some may accomplish the title of works of art in the decades to come. Perusing them can illuminate you with regards to how verse is changing and individuals are communicating their craft. You can discover the majority of these sonnets on the web. Appreciate this choice of sonnets on winter topics from contemporary artists: Salvatore Buttaci, â€Å"From Cold Unblinking Eyes†Denis Dunn, â€Å"Winter in Maine on Rte 113† and â€Å"Silent Solstice (Winter Becomes Maine)†Jim Finnegan, â€Å"Flightless Bird†Jesse Glass, â€Å"The Giant in the Dirty Coat†Dorothea Grossman, Untitled winter poemRuth Hill, â€Å"Land of Long Shadows†Joel Lewis, â€Å"Making a Meal Out of It†Charles Mariano, â€Å"This Winter†Whitman McGowan, â€Å"It Was So Cold†Justine Nicholas, â€Å"Palais d’Hiver†Barbara Novack, â€Å"Winter: 10 degrees†Debbie Ouellet, â€Å"North Wind†Joseph Pacheco, â€Å"Cold Winter Morn in Florida†Jack Peachum, â€Å"The Migrant†Barbara Reiher-Meyers, â€Å"Blizzard† and â€Å"Sweet and Bitter†Todd-Earl Rhodes, Untitled poemRobert Savino, â€Å"Shortcut Through the Storm†Jackie Sheeler, â€Å"Underground Xmas†Lisa Shields, â€Å"Reaching for White† and â€Å"Climate Change†Aldo Tambellini, â€Å"October 19, 1990†Joyce Wakefield, â€Å"Winter Conversation†

Synthesis of Cyclohexene from Cyclohexanol

Combination of Cyclohexene from Cyclohexanol Trial #1: Synthesis of Cyclohexene from Cyclohexanol Johanna Bernadette C. Halili Mr. John Ephraim Torres June 21, 2014 Theoretical The combination of cyclohexene from cyclohexanol is a case of end response. Cyclohexanol, an optional unsaturated liquor, experiences lack of hydration response to shape a decent leaving bunch which is H20 in light of the fact that the OH gathering of a liquor is an extremely solid base creation it a poor leaving gathering. The response will at that point be trailed by the check of a hydrogen iota to shape a carbon twofold bond or an alkene which for this situation is cyclohexene. Cyclohexene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon which is responsive because of its negative place (Ault, 1973; Williamson, 2013; Eagleson, 1994). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is an instrument which is utilized to isolate vaporous substances and it works as an analyzer for the compound. This instrument might have the option to give the sub-atomic weight, equation and structure of an obscure compound. Blend was done by means of basic refining since refining gives a generally unadulterated yield (Karesek-Cle ment, 1988). Phosphoric corrosive was added to cyclohexanol in a round bottomed jar to have the lack of hydration response which would respect the cyclohexene. It was then refined and the gathering had the option to get 3 ml of yield. The distillate was watched utilizing the mass spectrometer and it indicated that the yield had a 81.98 sub-atomic weight which is exceptionally near the hypothetical sub-atomic load of cyclohexene which is 82. Parts were additionally seen with the outcome acquired and some can be considered as polluting influences. The item was asserted to be cyclohexene based from the outcomes got from the mass spectra. We can say that the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is an incredible apparatus in dissecting either an obscure or for relative reasons of a compound since it gives precise outcomes. Additionally, it is prescribed to dissect without a moment's delay the item for it not to vanish. Presentation Alcohols experience end response within the sight of a solid corrosive to shape an alkene. Solid acids, for example, Sulfuric corrosive (H2SO4) and Phosphoric corrosive (H3PO4) are utilized in the drying out response of alcohols. The corrosive needs to protonate the â€OH bunch in light of the fact that - OH is a solid base making it a poor leaving gathering. When the â€OH has been protonated to H20, it can leave and the nucleophile will block a beta hydrogen to shape a carbon twofold bond or an alkene (Williamson, 2013). A case of this response was seen in this trial with the amalgamation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexene by means of refining and extraction. Cyclohexanol is an auxiliary immersed liquor with breaking point of 100.16 celcius which experiences disposal response to frame cyclohexene item concerning their cooperation with the section (fixed stage) and the gas/helium (versatile stage). A mass range might have the option to give the accompanying data: atomic weight, sub-atomic equation and sub-atomic structure of the substance (Ault, 1973).. The goals of this examination are to disengage cyclohexene from cyclohexanol through corrosive catalyzed end of water and to have the option to decide the personality of the distillate item through Gas Chromatography. II. Strategy In this trial, Cyclohexanol was incorporated to cyclohexene by means of refining and extraction. In a 50 ml round bottomed carafe, 5.0 grams of cyclohexanol, 1 ml of 85% phosphoric corrosive and bubbling chips were included. After the carafe was twirled to blend the substance, it was joined to a fractionating segment which was fitted with a refining connector, thermometer and a straightforward condenser. The flagon was warmed utilizing an oil shower with bubbling chips for 5 minutes. The refining procedure was done until the buildup decreased to 1 to 15 ml. The gathering had the option to gather just 3 ml of distillate. The beneficiary was set in an ice shower for the buildup not to vanish. The distillate in the collector was then moved to a separatory channel. Moreover, 5 ml of water was included and was stoppered and blended through shaking. The lower fluid layer was disposed of while the upper natural layer was tapped to an Erlenmeyer jar. Enough measure of Anhydrous sodium sulfat e were set in the Erlenmeyer jar to assimilate water deposits as it was whirled once in a while for 10 minutes. The substance of the Erlenmeyer carafe was then moved to a test tube and the following refining process was not done since the yield of the refined item was excessively not many. The item was then investigated utilizing a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry contraption in the instrument room. III.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS For this test, the yield was investigated utilizing the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry device. The diagram shows the connection between the relative plenitude (y-pivot) to M/Z proportion (x-hub). The consequence of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of the item can be found in fig 1 at the last page, the parent particle or the sub-atomic particle signified by M+ has an estimation of Refining helps in getting cleaner substances. Additionally, a propelled instrument, for example, the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry contraption gives an extremely precise outcome or sub-atomic load of the item and different parts. There can in any case be further changes for better outcomes. To start with, the instruments to be utilized ought to consistently be dried appropriately to ensure that there will be no polluting influences, for example, water. Second, another round of refining ought to likewise be done to have cleaner item to abstain from seeing pollutions. In conclusion, it is extraordinarily prescribed for the respect be examined without a moment's delay since it was seen that for a few, the distillate dissipated. V.REFERENCES Bernard, M., Chandler, Z. The-Mach. Disposal responses; cyclohexene from cyclohexanol. http://the-mach.wikispaces.com/Elimination+reaction%3B+cyclohexene+from+cyclohexanol (got to June 12, 2014) Khan Academy. E1 disposal: Carbocation revisions. https://www.khanacademy.org/science/natural science/replacement end responses/e1-e2-instructional exercise/v/e1-eliminationcarbocation-improvements (got to June 12, 2014) Ault, A. Procedures and Experiments for Organic Chemistry, sixth ed.; Waveland Press Incorporated: Illinois, 1973. Eagleson, M. Brief Encyclopedia Chemistry; Walter De Gruyter Inc: Berlin, 1994. Bosses, K., Williamson, K. Macroscale and Microscale Oorganic Experiments, sixth ed.; Cengage Learning: Stamford, USA, 2010 Lenient, R.E., Karasek, F.W. Fundamental Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry: Principles and Techniques; Elsevier, 1988. College of Bristol. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). http://www.bris.ac.uk/nerclsmsf/methods/gcms.html (got to June 20, 2014) Baklajian, Alex (May 2012). Prologue to mass spectrometry. also, water which co-distil (Eagleson, 1994). The distillate item is cyclohexene which is unsaturated and has the breaking point of 83 celcius. Union was done by means of refining since it helps in getting cleaner substances (Bernard-Chandler, n,d). Gas chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy is a physical technique for isolating a compound which are unpredictable and thermally steady. This instrument can isolate, distinguish and evaluate mixes. The two stages that includes the procedure are the fixed stage which is the segment and the portable stage which is the transporter gas like helium (Karesek-Clement, 1988). The disintegrated test will be assaulted by light emission which is known as the ionization procedure in which the emphatically charged ionic pieces are delivered. This procedure includes the evacuation of electrons since the light emission knock off one electron from a particle which shapes the parent particle or atomic particle. Discontinuity occurs with the result of ionization to give littler charged and nonpartisan pieces. An attractive field would constrain the roundabout progression of the particles and the detachment will happen since they will follow diverse way of range 81.98 which gives us the relative equation mass of the atom (University of Bristol, n.d; Ault, 1973). Additionally, it very well may be seen that there is a nearness of an isotope since there is a pinnacle that is close in esteem with the M+ to one side. This is on the grounds that carbon has an isotope which is 13C. The normal wealth of Carbon 12 is a lot higher than the characteristic plenitude of Carbon 13 however since the mass spectrometer gives exceptionally exact outcomes, it might have the option to recognize the isotope. The parent particle M+ has the most elevated mass among the pinnacles. Any pinnacles lower than the M+ are simply considered as section readings in the range while the isotope, meant by M+1, is the pinnacle which is to one side of the parent particle which is lower in force (chem.ucla.edu, n.d; Baklajian, 2012). Different pinnacles can be considered as just sections. These sections are because of the separating of the flimsy positive particles (chemguide.co.uk, n.d; Ault, 1973). Then again, the base pinnacle is the one with the 56 sub-atomic weight demonstrated by its 100 perusing in plenitude. The base pinnacle consistently has the most noteworthy bounty among all the pinnacl es (Karesek-Clement, 1988). The top with the 100.013812 perusing can be considered as a polluting influence. Regardless of whether it has the most noteworthy mass perusing, it was not considered as the sub-atomic particle top since the compound being discussed here is cyclohexene. To summarize everything, the gathering had the option to gather cyclohexene by means of refining of cyclohexanol. The got outcomes from the mass range indicated the nearness of a polluting influence and furthermore an isotope top. The yield’s sub-atomic weight (81.98) was in fact extremely near the hypothetical sub-atomic weight which is 82. IV.CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION It was seen that in this investigation on combination of cyclohexene from cyclohexanol, the gathering had the option to deliver cyclohexene as can be found in the mass spectra which shows that the item acquired by the gathering had a 81.9265 atomic weight which is moderately near the hypothetical sub-atomic weig

Drones in their Surveillance Mission

Drones in their Surveillance Mission Surveillance and Drones in Australia Nov 19, 2018 in Persuasive Essay The Importance of Drones in Surveillance of Australia How does it feel to lose a loved one in a war serving as a soldier? What if there was a way to keep surveillance at a distance without the need of a soldier at the scene? Security and environmental awareness is an important element in the society to be gambled with human life. This is the reason why drones are felt a good discovery in the world of surveillance according to ABC News (2012, par. 3-7). Therefore, any dismissive claims that these drones do not have a better capacity than satellites and helicopters are outrageously misinformed. Today, I would like to propose the importance of drones and again, why they are useful in doing the work that helicopters and satellites currently do. I will begin by discussing the importance of drones in surveillance. The use of drones in surveillance in Australia law enforcement agencies cannot be overlooked. There has been an increasing trend across the world in the use of drones in surveillance including the United States and other developed nations. To keep up with the trend, it is prudent for Australia to embrace these developments. With the increasing insecurity all over the world and technological advancement, surveillance drones are inevitable. It is unlikely that any country using helicopters and satellites would beat the use of drones as surveillance tools in other nations.

Csikszentmihalyis Concept of Flow Applied to My Time as a...

Csikszentmihalyi developed the concept of flow and the various charatestics it consist of such as setting goals , finding a balance between challenges and skill , focusing on the craft instead of outside factors , and more. Flow as defined by Csikszentmihalyi , is the state of optimal experience. Flow activities are done for their own sake and not for extrinisic rewards. Flow experiences have defined qualities which consist of goal setting , and working towards these goals with appropriate steps , and a positive outlook. When you are in a flow state , time doesn’t matter , the task at hand is important , no self image concerns , and the experience is rewarding in the inner aspect , not the outer. You have to be motivated to have the flow†¦show more content†¦In more detail , one of my duties as a student-athlete is to exclude any distractions from around me. I have to be focused on the task at hand whether it is school work , or beating the powder blue school in a riv al game. Drama that is unnecessary , and chaos can distract any person from the task at hand. It is a must to know that with this dual role failure is inevitable , focusing on what’s going to go wrong , or what is wrong won’t allow me to elevate or accomplish any goal. It is important for me to not worry about any failure. My self portrayal is something that I’ve learned to do away with. Most sports consist of more than one individual on a roster. When you are a basketball player such as myself , over indulgence with self-image has to cease. This proved to be true once I came to one of the greatest universities in the nation , University of Southern California. I realized that the image I potray isn’t necessarily what I should be focused on. I need to be focused on the team , and our image. It isn’t about self , they are like my brothers. Time is another area with my flow experience when I would practice , or complete a laundry list of assignments . Those long hours , and days seemed to zoom by without me even knowing , because I was focused on my studies. The flow experience is very rewarding , it’s a sense of maturity and growth. Satisifcation comes through my work ethic , and the work ethic of my team. This is a concept

Summary Of Camus The Stranger - 924 Words

â€Å"I looked up at the mass of signs and stars in the night sky and laid myself open for the first time to the benign indifference of the world.† — Albert Camus, The Stranger This was the line that burrowed permanently in my mind when I initially read Camus’s The Stranger. It was the first time I had encountered another who shared the belief that the universe simply does not care for humans in the way we desire it to, that attempting to create our own meaning through struggle and a search for truth, in a world where, ultimately, each and every one of us is insignificant, was meaningless. However, it was not until my first Eid al-Adha, the â€Å"Festival of the Sacrifice,† celebrated by Muslims in honor of the prophet Abraham’s willingness to slaughter his son, Isaac,— or, the first I can recall with some clarity— that these thoughts began to torture my mind. That Eid morning, my mother and I, adorned in traditional Pakistani dresses, bangles, and henna, made our way to the women’s section of our local Mosque to pray with the hundreds of other brightly colored dresses already gathered there. The Imam, a religious leader, began the service, and I watched the women, synchronized, carry out the motions of Islamic prayer. When I was very young, this is the image that would come to mind when I thought of my faith: harmony, a hall overflowing with women who seemed to find, with each movement, the purpose of life in religion, a purpose that I never discovered despite the security thatShow MoreRelatedSummary Of The Stranger By Albert Camus1039 Words   |  5 PagesMy silent sustained reading book is The Stranger written by Albert Camus. It was first published by Hamish Hamilton in 1946. Even though the story was written eight decades ago, the message Camus was trying to convey is still pliable to current day. The novel starts off with the narrator, Guy Meursault, just receiving news of his mother’s passing and her funeral that takes place the following day. Meursault shows no signs of remorse over losing his own mother and even refuses to look at his ownRead MoreThe Stranger Essay1048 Words   |  5 PagesAlbert Camus influential novel, The Stranger, a great work of existentialism, examines the absurdity of life and indifference of the world. This paper provides a summary of the novel, and outlines some of the novels main themes. The novels protagoinist, Meursault, is a distanced and indifferent young man. He does not believe in God, and lives his life with seemingly sensuous abandon. After Meursault is caught up in the life of a local pimp, he rather inexplicably murders a young man on theRead MoreExistentialism And The Beliefs Of The Movement1454 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Losing all hope was freedom.† One of the most powerful quotes in Fight Club by Chuck Palahniuk that is a good summary of existentialism and the beliefs of the movement. Existentialism was a turning point for society and literature that advocated the expansion of the minds of authors and their readers so we could improve our thinking to be more enlightened and free. The movement sparked much alternative thinking to allow our society to grow into what it is today and without it people would most likelyRead MoreAnalysis Of Angela s Ashes By Frank Mccourt Essay1425 Words   |  6 Pagesother choices, but it seems very confusing fr om online summaries and reviews. Life of Pi by Yann Martel~ Man Booker Prize This book focuses on the survival of a man named Pi after a horrible shipwreck and many months in a lifeboat with a large Bengal tiger named Richard Parker. This book would be a good choice for me because it strikes my interests by including survival at sea with a life endangering animal. The Stranger by Albert Camus~ Nobel Prize winning author -This book focuses on the lifeRead MoreThe Search For Truth in Into the Wild by John Krakauer1983 Words   |  8 PagesSupertramp (Krakauer 23). There were several turning points in Chriss life. For example when Chris dropped out of sight after college, changed his name, donated an entire balance of twenty four thousand dollars to charity, abandoned his car, bonded with strangers and lastly ventured into the wild. Similarly to a religious extremist, Chris had a scrupulous moral code. He tended to see things in black and white (Krakauer 122). Through his spectacles, Chris had been failed, failed by anyone who did not live

Diabetes Type II Free Essays

Diabetes is a condition characterized by individuals having elevated levels of blood sugar resulting from the body not producing sufficient insulin or the body cells not effectively responding to the insulin already present in the body (Kilvert Fox, 2007). Insulin, a hormone produced in the pancreases, enables the body cells to take up glucose and oxidizes it into energy (Zieve Wexler, 2009). Lack of this glucose uptake by the body cells will result to the accumulation of glucose in the blood, a condition known as hyperglycemia (Kilvert Fox, 2007). We will write a custom essay sample on Diabetes Type II or any similar topic only for you Order Now Hyperglycemia leads to a number of other serious complications. In type II diabetes also known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) results from the body cells becoming resistant to insulin or the insulin that is produced in the body is insufficiency (Kilvert Fox, 2007). The onset of diabetes type II can be characterized by individuals having general weakness, chronic fatigue, malaise and lethargy. Frequent urination is not unusual and individuals often complain of excessive thirst. Excessive movements in the bowel and unexplained weight loss have been observed among individuals afflicted by the condition (Mayo Clinic, 2009). The individuals suffering from diabetes type II start having blurred vision caused by the alteration in the shape of the lens due to osmotic factors chiefly the elevated levels of blood glucose. Frequent thirst leads to the affected individual taking a lot of fluids. Diabetes type II is known to be a genetic disease although medical causes have been explained (Kilvert Fox, 2007). There is an observation of an increased risk of developing diabetes type II in families where the parents have the disorder. A mutation in the gene known as the Amyloid Polypeptide gene lead to the early signs of the condition and makes the progress to a more severe diabetes type II condition possible (Kilvert Fox, 2007). Apart from genetics, the condition can be caused by an alteration in the metabolism and deranged cell processes. Environmental factors have also been blamed to cause diabetes type II particularly some diets and weight (Zieve Wexler, 2009). Some drugs have been identified to increase the risk of diabetes type II such as the thiazide diuretics, which inhibit the secretion of insulin because of the hypokalemic condition they cause. Thiazides also increase the insulin resistance due to elevated levels of mobilization of free fatty acids (Mayo Clinic, 2009). Other drug agents that can be blamed for drug induced hyperglycemia include beta blockers, somatropin, protease inhibitors, phenothiazines, flouroquinolones, corticosteroids, antipsychotics and calcium channel blockers. Treatment of Diabetes Type II The immediate objective of treating diabetes type II is to reduce the elevated levels of blood glucose while the long-term goal of diabetes treatment is the prevention of diabetes-related conditions, which arise after individuals have developed the complication. Diet and exercise remain the primary ways of managing diabetes (Ligaray Isley, 2010). The afflicted individuals should be able to accurately test and record their levels of blood glucose. The knowledge on what to eat and what medications to use should be well known by people suffering from the disease. The patients should get important information from their doctors. Individuals with diabetes type II are recommended to eat at the same times every day and their meals should be consistent in terms of the type of foods they choose to eat (Ligaray Isley, 2010). The adherence of the meal intervals and the type of foods eaten help prevent the increase or decrease in the levels of blood sugars. Individuals can plan their meals by eating the right quantity of foods, choosing healthy foods and eating the meals at the required time. Another aspect is the weight management. It has been observed that some people after cutting weight can stop taking medications even when they still have diabetes. In extreme overweight individuals, bariatric surgery may be recommended. Gastric bypass surgery and laparoscopic gastric banding are some of the weight reduction procedures that can be recommended in the management of diabetes (Ligaray Isley, 2010). For diabetics, regular physical exercise is imperative (Mayo Clinic, 2009). It has been observed that aerobic exercise carried out regularly can help reduce the levels of blood sugars without the need of any medication. Exercise help to burn any excess fats and calories and therefore individuals with diabetes can easily manage their weight through exercises. Blood pressure and blood flow, which may be seen as a problem in diabetes type II can be improved (Mayo Clinic, 2009). Exercise decreases the insulin resistance in body cells without necessarily having any body loss. The body’s energy level is also said to improve with exercise and the ability to handle stress as well as lowering of tension are some of the benefits of exercise. When all the options of exercise and diet have failed, individuals may opt for medications that are prescribed by physicians. The drugs acting against diabetes function to lower the blood sugar levels in a number of ways (Ligaray Isley, 2010). Physicians may prescribe for patients more than one type of medication because of the different modes of action of the different agents used in diabetes management. The drugs are also prescribed along with insulin when it is required. The drugs used in diabetes treatment are either given intravenously or orally. For instance, biguanides sold as metformin is used to decrease the hepatic production of glucose (Mayo Clinic, 2009). The rationale of biguanides is to make the fat cells, hepatic cells and the muscle cells to absorb more glucose from the bloodstream hence lowering the total blood sugar levels. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors are also important agents that lower the carbohydrate absorption from the digestive tract. This lowers the glucose levels especially after the meals. Sulfonylureas help in triggering the pancreases to produce more insulin and they are administered by oral route (Ligaray Isley, 2010). Other agents used in diabetes management include the thiazolidinediones, pramlintide and exenatide and meglitinides. Insulin is only prescribes to patients who fail to respond to other methods of disease management such as diet monitoring, exercise and other medications (Mayo Clinic, 2009). In addition, insulin may be recommended for individuals who have poor reactions towards other medications used. Usually, insulin is injected under the skin by the use of an insulin pen device or a syringe. Insulin is never administered orally as proteolytic enzymes in the stomach may act on the hormone hence affecting the efficacy. In diabetes type II, the body cells fail to respond effectively to insulin even when it is present (Ligaray Isley, 2010). This is typically seen in type II diabetes mellitus where the resistance is cause by post-receptor derangements. Post-receptor effect implies that the insulin is sufficiently produced but the cells which should physiologically respond to the molecule have a problem recognizing the insulin (Ligaray Isley, 2010). There is a general observation that the increased glucose production in the liver particularly in inappropriate times contributes to the inability of the body cells to respond to the ligand, insulin (Ligaray Isley, 2010). This process, the conversion of glycogen to glucose affects the insulin level, which is important in hepatic function. The reduced insulin-dependent glucose transport especially in muscles and adipose tissues also contributes to the problem of diabetes type II. Similarly, there is an impaired function of beta-cells in the early phase of insulin release following the hyperglycemic stimuli. Diabetes type II is a condition which not only affects the regulation glucose levels but also other important body systems such as the immune system, renal function, reproductive system and cardiovascular system are largely affected (Kilvert Fox, 2007). The immune system is hampered among the individuals suffering from diabetes type II. This can be seen in situations where diabetic individuals take a longer healing from the wounds and minor surgical incisions. The incidences of coronary artery complications as well as the arterial diseases are common among the individuals suffering from diabetes type II (Zieve Wexler, 2009). Renal failure can be the most disturbing complication of diabetes type II where individuals may require dialysis for blood purification (Mayo Clinic, 2009). Diabetes type II has also been identified to be causing erectile dysfunction which can be a major problem in marriages. In general, diabetes type II is a problem which affects a number of body systems and leaves the affected individual and the family members and friends with a great burden. It is a condition of economic importance and effective approach should be directed to its prevention and treatment. The social aspect of the patients and those close to them is affected. Although medications have been developed to manage the condition, effective treatments have not been developed, which can completely treat the problem. This calls for extensive research to come up with ways to manage diabetes type II. How to cite Diabetes Type II, Papers

Building Project Evaluation Management †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Building Project Evaluation Management? Answer: Introduction The property is located in Andrew Fairly Avenue, VIC. It is an existing roadway. The valuation of the property is being carried out because of an application from the local municipality of the Greater Shepparton, City council. The main valuation is to be done of the owners freehold interest, given the sale of the property when it is not occupied. The property is controlled by the legal counsil, hence there are no legal issues involved in the same. The valuation is done without considering the GST. The property is an existing roadway known as Andrew Fairly Avenue. It is situated in the north of the Shepparton city. The roadway is a path that passes between the junction of three more important roads and a railway line. Shepparton city is a very popular regional centre that is located in the hearts of the Goulbourn Valley. The area includes many commercial properties and many industries. There are a lot of canneries and milk processing companies in the area. The officially population of the area as per the local municipality will be around 70,000 people. The said property, of which valuation is to be done, lies in this rural centre and is surrounded by many other commercial properties and buildings. Presently the roadway falls under the category two of the industrial zone, but it is assumed that as development will occur, it will be declared as industrial zone 1, in prospects of matching the land beside that is marked as industrial zone 1.(Blackledge, 2016) Basis of Valuation The property can be valued in various ways. The main points to be taken into consideration are the commercial value of the property. The most common method of valuation is a straight link with sale of similar land properties that have similar zoning and affected by more or less same factors. Since the subject, land is a part of the industrial area, but it is as of now utilised as a road. The main reason of considering the land valuation for purpose of sale is that eventually the roadway that now falls in the category of industrial zone 2 will fall in the same category as of the adjoining land property. This is the main assumption, why sale of similar land areas has been considered as the basis of valuation of the roadway even though it falls under the other industrial zone and category.(Parkinson, Hill, Wheal, 2016) With the subject of the given land area, that to use the land for commercial purpose where people can come work and play, the company will need to do many easements and that is not possible. Hence, the only option that the company has is to use the area like a vacant land, as commercial construction is not possible in the area. Since the commercial prospects of the area is less, the only way to sale out the property will be to given a discount on the total sale, as per the industry standard. The average rate of sale of per sqm can be considered$125 per meter, considering the industrial rates and the given discount.(Isaac, Leary, Daley, 2016) This valuation has been done taking into consideration the various aspects of the importance of the area as an important roadway that is connecting the major areas. The comparison of the said property with other similar properties in the area has been taken into consideration to value the property and that are few more encumbrances that is associated with the said property and its valuation. It is assumed that the property will be of great value to anyone who buys it, and the landowner has a great industrial a dvantage. The only thing to be taken care of is the gutters and other paths in the area that might need to be repaired. The total valuation is done taking into consideration a total area of 3,621 sq m. It is important to check the rates and other municipal factors before buying the property(Gupta Tiwari, 2016). Sales Evidences In analysing the commercial prospects of the given property, the value of the similar sites have been taken into consideration and decision is based on the same. It is also indicated that it is just a basis and assumption. The value of sale might vary between the places giving to many other factors like the location and the encumbrances involved in the property. Effort is given to identify properties that are similar to the subject for valuation. However if similar property cannot be traced, then variations are to taken into consideration while analysing the commercial worth of the property(Henneberry, 2017). Conclusion The property in question is an existing roadway that forms the adjoining point many other important commercial areas. The valuation of the land is done, to ascertain the commercial viability of the place given the several factors. A valuation is done to determine the market value of the potential sale of the adjoining land to a potential customer. Even though proper survey has not had been done, the total area has been assumed as 3621 sqm. The valuation is done based on per sqm basis and discount amount is considered, given the place is not commercially viable, as there are lot of encumbrances involved in the property and its up gradation.(Vuuren, 2017) It is important that anyone who is using this report to take their important decisions whether they want to invest in the property or not, takes into consideration the commercial value of the property and also get themselves accustomed with the market value definition. This report is based on assumptions and more or less the surveys t hat are done may fluctuate given many factors is there that affect the market price of the property. It is clearly mentioned that in this appraisal no special treatment is done of nay of the purchaser or the seller. The valuation is done on neutral grounds taking all the factors into consideration that affects both the parties equally. There may be arguments that the owner of the adjoining land areas might have special interest in the property or that the municipality might have special interest for development of the roads and commercial centres. However, all those grounds are abolished, as the valuation is done on neutral grounds. The matters that are foregoing are the major factors that are affecting the commercial value of the property. (Bellman hman, 2016) Subject to all the conditions, discounts, all the encumbrances, and the surveys involved. It is ascertained that the valuation of the property is done to the best of my knowledge and as per the assessment that has been conducted; the value of the property in all the fair proportions will be equal to the value as assessed in the valuation report. Conditions The main basis of valuation is the market value of the similar property and based on the same the value of the property has been determined. If no similar property can be, ascertained then changes and variations are allowed to ascertain the value of the said subject land area. The definition of market value is that estimated amount at which a probable buyer and the seller are ready to exchange the property among them, taking into consideration all the other factors that might affect the value of such property(Crosby Henneberry, 2016). The major assumptions that has been taken in the valuation process are 1) A willing seller and buyer 2) That the property is for sale in the open market 3) That no special interest is involved of either of the parties and that valuation is done on neutral grounds 4) That other factors that might have affected the valuation are static during the period of valuation and does not change. The rental value at which the owner is ready to lend out the property is also to be taken into consideration. The standard definition of the market rentals is to be taken into consideration before taking major decisions regarding letting out the property for commercial purposes. Environmental Risk Assessment Based on our valuation and examination of site, there are no signs of nay contamination that might affect the health of the environment. There are no proposals to include the property in any of the contamination register by any local party or community. There are no environmental problems in the area and hence it is clean from any kind of risk and hazards. No residual chemicals or harsh products are used in the district. The only kind of activity that might cause some problems is the treatment of wood and other termite control along the lines of transmission. If there are any chances of any hazardous product being present in the building, survey of the building must be done thoroughly. (Furfine, Lo, Kamerling, 2017) Limiting Conditions The valuers have stated clearly that there is no past present or future interest in the property . All the valuation is done on neutral grounds taking all the important factors affecting the property value into consideration. If there are any encumbrances that have not been covered in the report and that might affect the commercial value of the property, must be informed to the valuation team immediately. The valuation team is certified and have the qualification for carrying out the stated activities, and they have conducted the same to the best of their knowledge. The valuation has been done on the basis of the valuation principles and all the major provisions related to valuation of commercial property have been followed clearly. This valuation report will not take into consideration any kind of environmental hazards that the area may impose till it is specifically mentioned and proved. The report has been generated to the best of the knowledge of the valuation team. Any changes will not take place, till proper scrutiny has been done in that regard. The valuation is at the current date vlaution only, it will not be reflecting any changes that might occur after the current date and the same shall not be reflected in the valuation report, and the valuation team will not be responsible for nay changes that might occur after the current date of valuation. The same is reflected clearly in the valuation report(Salzman Zwinkels, 2017). References Bellman, L., hman, P. (2016). Authorised property appraisers perceptions of commercial property valuation. Journal of Property Investment Finance , 34 (3), 225-248. Blackledge, M. (2016). Introducing Property Valuation. NEW YORK: Routledge. Crosby, N., Henneberry, J. (2016). Financialisation, the valuation of investment property and the urban built environment in the UK. Urban Studies , 53 (7). Furfine, C., Lo, S., Kamerling, D. (2017). Golden Opportunity: Commercial Real Estate Valuation. Kellogg School of Management Cases . Gupta, A., Tiwari, P. (2016). Investment risk scoring model for commercial properties in India. Journal of Property Investment Finance , 34 (2), 156-171. Henneberry, J. (2017). Transience and Permanence in Urban Development. UK: WILEY PUBLISHER. Isaac, D., Leary, J., Daley, M. (2016). Property Development. UK: PALGRAVE. Parkinson, A., Hill, S., Wheal, R. (2016). An income-based analysis of the value premise for property energy performance. Energy , 106, 162-169. Salzman, D., Zwinkels, R. (2017). Behavioral Real Estate. Journal of Real Estate Literature , 25 (1), 77-106. Vuuren, D. (2017). "Modified sales comparison method: valuing under (un)certainty". Journal of Property Investment Finance , 35 (1), 101-110.

A midsummer nights realization free essay sample

My Grandpa died and â€Å"The Notebook† made me cry. No, it wasn’t the death of my masculinity, and no I actually don’t remember any of the characters names. For someone looking on, it might have been a little bit funny. But still, my Pepere died and â€Å"The Notebook† made me realize it. It was two weeks after the fact and there I was on the couch with my girlfriend. I was good up until the final scene when the woman with Alzheimer’s and her husband peacefully pass away in each others arms. See, my grandpa died sitting in his wheelchair at a table. Just blink, and then his head’s down next to the watery soup that they thought passed for a meal; just bam, gone. Bye Pepere, I love you.I didn’t cry for myself. I cried for my grandma because if anyone deserved a death like the one in â€Å"The Notebook†, it was her. We will write a custom essay sample on A midsummer nights realization or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page None of this- having to live another ten years without the man she sacrificed everything for and whom she loved more than herself- no, that wasn’t right. Maybe I’m too sensitive, but I watched that scene where they die and my throat started to tighten and my eyes closed. My girlfriend clung to me because she knew. I was ashamed because I thought that I was above crying for movies. But I wasn’t crying for a stupid movie, I was crying for my Grammy and Pepere. Life wasn’t fair to them, especially the Parkinson’s disease. I knew that and I cried. So I wasn’t ashamed.So now, if someone asks me if â€Å"The Notebook† made me cry, I tell them â€Å"No, my Pepere did. † Death next to watery soup isn’t something a man like my grandpa deserved. Man, did he have grit. He endured Parkinson’s disease for the last twenty years of his life. He did this with a dignity and integrity I can’t imagine.After the movie we took a walk. It was a beautiful night and there was a warm summer breeze and stars. We walked up to the top of a hill and looked up in silence. Life was all around me and death was nowhere. I took a breath and let it out. People remember the deceased in different ways. I honor his memory by substantiating it the way he would have: with love, care, and hard work. I began volunteering at a nursing home like the one he stayed in. I get the best grades I can because that’s what he wanted for his four daughters and eleven grandkids. I am honest and frank with people. I am thoughtful and careful. That night I was not scared to have my heart on my sleeve; I knew he wouldn’t have minded it. Before I did things because I needed to, now, I do them to remember. My Pepere deserves at least that.

Email Etiquette

Email Etiquette Email Etiquette Email Etiquette By Ali Hale If you work in an office, you probably write emails every day – to colleagues, to your boss, to clients. Even if you’re still at college, you’ll need to email your lecturers once in a while (maybe to plead for an essay extension, or to ask for help) – and many employers now expect resumes and cover letters to be sent by email. So, being able to write a professional, business-like email is a crucial skill. Daily Writing Tips has already covered the email subject line, but the body of your message also matters. 1. Start with a salutation Your email should open by addressing the person you’re writing to. Sure, you can get away with leaving out the salutation when you’re dashing off an email to your friend, but business-like messages should begin with: Dear Mr Jones, or Dear Professor Smith, (for someone you don’t know well, especially if they’re a superior) Dear Joe, or Dear Mandy, (if you have a working relationship with the person) It’s fine to use â€Å"Hi Joe†, â€Å"Hello Joe† or just the name followed by a comma (â€Å"Joe,†) if you know the person well – writing â€Å"Dear Joe† to one of your team-mates will look odd! 2. Write in short paragraphs Get straight to the point – don’t waste time waffling. Split your email into two to four short paragraphs, each one dealing with a single idea. Consider using bullet-points for extra clarity, perhaps if you are: Listing several questions for the recipient to answer Suggesting a number of alternative options Explaining the steps that you’ll be carrying out Put a double line break, rather than an indent (tab), between paragraphs. 3. Stick to one topic If you need to write to someone about several different issues (for example, if you’re giving your boss an update on Project X, asking him for a review meeting to discuss a payrise, and telling him that you’ve got a doctor’s appointment on Friday), then don’t put them all in the same email. It’s hard for people to keep track of different email threads and conversations if topics are jumbled up. 4. Use capitals appropriately Emails should follow the same rules of punctuation as other writing. Capitals are often misused. In particular, you should: Never write a whole sentence (or worse, a whole email) in capitals Always capitalise â€Å"I† and the first letter of proper nouns (names) Capitalise acronymns (USA, BBC, RSPCA) Always start sentences with a capital letter. This makes your email easier to read: try retyping one of the emails you’ve received in ALL CAPS or all lower case, and see how much harder it is to follow! 5. Sign off the email For short internal company emails, you can get away with just putting a double space after your last paragraph then typing your name. If you’re writing a more formal email, though, it’s essential to close it appropriately. Use Yours sincerely, (when you know the name of your addressee) and Yours faithfully, (when you’ve addressed it to â€Å"Dear Sir/Madam†) for very formal emails such as job applications. Use Best regards, or Kind regards, in most other situations. Even when writing to people you know well, it’s polite to sign off with something such as â€Å"All the best,† â€Å"Take care,† or â€Å"Have a nice day,† before typing your name. 6. Use a sensible email signature Hopefully this is common sense – but don’t cram your email signature with quotes from your favourite TV show, motivational speaker or witty friend. Do include your name, email address, telephone number and postal address (where appropriate) – obviously, your company may have some guidelines on these. It makes it easy for your correspondents to find your contact details: they don’t need to root through for the first message you sent them, but can just look in the footer of any of your emails. Putting it all together Compare the following two job applications. The content of the emails are identical – but who would you give the job to? i’ve attached my resume i would be grateful if you could read it and get back to me at your earliest convenience. i have all the experience you are looking for – i’ve worked in a customer-facing environment for three years, i am competent with ms office and i enjoy working as part of a team. thanks for your time Or Dear Sir/Madam, I’ve attached my resume. I would be grateful if you could read it and get back to me at your earliest convenience. I have all the experience you are looking for: I’ve worked in a customer-facing environment for three years I am competent with MS office I enjoy working as part of a team Thanks for your time. Yours faithfully, Joe Bloggs Have you ever received a really badly written email? Or have you ever been told you need to brush up your own email writing? Share your email etiquette horror stories – and any of your tips – in the comments! Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Business Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Idioms About Legs, Feet, and ToesThat vs. WhichDrama vs. Melodrama

Product Market Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Product Market Development - Essay Example Profits generally continue to increase throughout the life cycle caused by industry expertise, economies of scale providing scope to reduce unit costs over time. At growth stage the characteristics are different. After all the market exercises having been done product is recognised by the consumers and demanded at a rapid speed resulting in reduction in cost. Economies of scale are achieved by this time. Sales volume increases quiet high at this stage. When cost is reduced due to economies of scale and sales revenues increases the profitability increases too. Demand factors remaining higher the business tends to increase product prices higher. Once the product is well accepted and becomes a favourite consumer pays the price asked for by the seller. The product acquires a quality image in the minds of consumers and they feel to enjoy a consumer's surplus even at higher price. Simple promotional efforts and advertising help consumers to retain the product in mind that promote the product selling easily. The competition gradually becomes aware of the product and its revenue yielding capacity. They start venturing into the business to get a mark et share and earn profits. The increase in competition exerts pressure in the market thereby reducing the market prices. The product gradually enters into maturity phase. Maturity phase: the business gets a lot of experience in the growth phase. Production volume increases very high. Many competitions enter in to the market arena and put thrust on the product prices and market outlets. The market gradually gets saturated. Extra efforts are employed to retain the sales volume. Prices to lower because of so many products fighting for the same market size. Market share drops that creates pressure on the entire business. Extra marketing efforts, brand differentiation and product diversification with new features have to be introduced costing more to the company. Profit volume tends to lower. Company and its business being old invite demands for higher wages and bonus from workers that put pressure on the profitability of the business. Curtailment in production leading to closure of some departments deprives the company of the benefits of economies of scale. Overall profitability is down and makes the business unsustainable. In course of the growth phase adolescent phase comes which is characterised with high growth and sales volume accompanied by increase in performance and product variance. The product is placed in the star corners of the BCG matrix with high growing sales revenue with offensive product prices. The product is powerful to be offensive and adopts aggressive pricing with a view to create a premium positing in the market to make customers view it as a superior product that can not be matched by the competition. Market growth is accompanied by market fragmentation. This in turn causes competition. But competition in market growth is not less intense compared to the intensity in market maturity. In the growth phase, almost every organization remains in profits because of the growing and greater demand, whereas in maturity, organizations have to struggle for

Supporting Students with Mental Health Issues Essay

Supporting Students with Mental Health Issues - Essay Example Dennis should be referred to counseling due to his strange behavior. Also, since he is acting in a manner that is prejudicial to other people in the student body, the university should consider removing Dennis from student housing. Since Dennis is making threatening statements, not only to students but school officials, Dennis should be identified as a student with a mental health problem that needs to be addressed. Additionally, since he is disturbing students, he should probably be removed from campus housing, unless his behavior changes significantly. Perhaps a trial period could be instated from the time that Dennis starts attending counseling, which would remain for as long as Dennis stays in the dorms. If any more unusual behavior is exhibited or otherwise noted from resident life assistants, Dennis should be summarily removed from the dorms. Mainly due to the fact that Dennis is exhibiting threatening behavior, until he shows that he is continuing with therapy and working on issues-then and only then should he be allowed to stay on campus. Additionally, Dennis should be checked upon periodically by counselors and other mental health professionals to monitor his behavior. "A student may be out of touch with reality and not functioning normally but not necessarily threatening any physical harm to themselves or others. One of the difficulties of managing such a situation is the fear that it could develop into an emergency at any moment" ("Supporting Students With Mental Health Problems," 2009). However, in Dennis's case, he was threatening people, and this could have escalated into a more widespread problem if something was not done in order to counteract his strange behaviors. Case II: Gerry. Gerry's problems are more pervasive than Dennis's. First of all, Gerry physically harmed a student. In anyone's mind, even if that was subsequentially excused by way of the fact that Gerry had ingested LSD which caused the behavior, obviously it should be much harder to trust Gerry's behavior again on campus. The fact that one student was harmed was bad enough. Although Gerry's lawyer makes a point that Gerry would be in double jeopardy for having already been tried and acquitted for a crime, the university should seriously consider whether or not allowing Gerry on campus again would be a wise move. The university's policy states, "A student will be subject to involuntary administrative withdrawal from the University, or from University housing, if the Provost determines that the student suffers from a mental disorder that is adversely affecting his or her academic performance or behavior on campus in

Similarities and differences of a leader and a manager

Similarities and differences of a leader and a manager The terms leadership and management are seen very differently by diverse people. Some individuals see these terms as synonyms and frequently use them interchangeably throughout phrases and sentences. Others approach them as extreme opposites; so extreme, in fact, they would argue that you cannot be a good manager and a good leader at the same time. Still other people reside somewhere in the middle and realize that while there is a difference between leadership and management, with the right knowledge an individual can successfully navigate both from the same position. The field of leadership has been a fast-growing part of management knowledge since the beginning of the 20th century. in most conceptions of management and organization, leadership has given a central place in enforcing principles, motivating employees and communicating future goals and visions to strive for. . Management and leadership have been partners in the successes and failures of countries and companies before the start of recorded history. The basic concept of both are well understood but despite a large amount of information available, there is still confusion and disagreement on the implementation of management skills vs. leadership principles. Successful creation of professional development program is dependent on the recognition that technical/management skills are learned abilities .they are the backbone of the companies core capabilities. These capabilities must b augmented with leadership attributes that allow the team to move forward in implementation of the core business (Ukko, J. Tenhunen, J . Rantanen, H., 2007). (Ballinger,G Schoorman, F Lehman, D, 2006) The terms management and leadership are often interchanged. In fact, many people view them as basically the same thing. Yet management is as distinct from leadership as day is from night. Both are necessary, however, for a high-performance organization. By contrasting them and understanding their differences, we can better balance and improve these essential roles. Therefore, both are two distinctive and complementary systems of action and necessary for success in an increasingly complex and volatile business environment. Each has its own function and characteristic activitiesstrong leadership with weak management are no better, and are sometimes actually worse, than the reverse. the real challenge is to combine strong leadership and strong management and use each to balance the other. One key distinction between management and leadership is that we manage things and lead people. Things include physical assets, processes, and systems. People include customers, external partners, and people throughout our team or organization (or internal partners).when dealing with things, we talk about a way of doing. In the people realm, we are talking about a way of being. (Jovanovic, Z Sajfert ,D, 2009) There are differences between leadership and management. Leadership is influence and challenging future actions enterprises and it deals with effectiveness and manager efficiency. Managerial skills are prerequisite for leadership. it is possible to be an excellent manager, and to never become a leader. Good managerial skills not only provide the basis for good leadership, but also enough time to conduct, because it is not possible to become a good leader and the management of the operations do not happen successfully. Often indicates the following differences between the management and leadership. The leadership based on the relative impact and management in relation authority. The secondly, leadership and leaders engage followers, and the management of managers and perpetrators They are both complete action systems neither is simply one aspect of the other. Each has its own distinctive purpose and characteristic activities. People who think of management as being only the implementation part of leadership ignore the fact that leadership has its own implementation processes. Literature Review: 2.1 Concept of management (Haslam, 2004) Management is basically the process of getting activities completed efficiently and effectively with and through other people and it tends to involve direction of day-to-day operational tasks, management and maintenance of budgets and deadline oriented, directing teams to achieve goals by establishing objectives. (Ukko, J. Tenhunen, J . Rantanen, H., 2007) management the term which can be defined functionally as the action in measuring a quantity on a regular basis and adjusting an initial plan and the actions taken to reach ones intended goal . 2.2 Concept of leadership (Haslam, 2004) Leadership is quite possibly the most-researched aspect of social and organizational psychology. As a result, a lot has been written on the topic. have a look at the business section of your local bookshop and see just how many books are devoted to an attempt to explain leadership. It is fascinating to both academics and practitioners. (Ukko, J. Tenhunen, J . Rantanen, H., 2007) The term leadership as a process or action that affects the actions of an organized group when it is heading for goal setting and goals. The main qualities of leadership are abilities for long-term strategic thinking, communication skills, integrity and ambition. in popular language, leadership usually refers to motivating and committing people- in short, leading people. leadership comes from personality. Companies spend a lot of time, money, and effort on the selection of their high-level leaders. Yet consistent leadership traits have been very difficult to identify. Two things that are clear are: (1) Leadership is a relationship between people. (2) An effective leader is different in different situations. Based on (Jovanovic, Z Sajfert ,D, 2009) leadership can be defined as the process by which members of a group activity directed toward the achievement of objectives. Here it can have several meanings:  · Leadership involves other people-the employees or followers that means not equal distribution of power between leaders and group members .  · Leadership is the ability to be in different ways using various forms of power to impact on the behavior of followers. 2.3 What is a manager? (Haslam, 2004)in many organizations, Manager is a formally conferred title. you can even go to college and learn to be a manager. Managers are possibly part of but often separate to the group they manage. Offices rarely have more than one office Manager. Being a good manager is about using the authority attached to your role well and appropriately. Managers focus on day to day tasks to make sure work is completed. They use rules and processes, tactical direction and control, to manage others activities. 2.4 What is a leader? (Kent, 2005) Leaders achieve change. They use ideas and dialogue to influence, inspire, help, and encourage change in peoples attitudes leading to changes in behavior. it is often said: management is doing things right, leadership is doing the right things. leadership involves the risk of following new ideas to create opportunities, while management diligence produces tangible results. Being a good leader is very much about developing relationships. Sometimes they are personal, other times they are idealogical. Either way followers connect with the leader on a personal level. 2.5 Leading and managing (Haslam, 2004) Perhaps it is true that we must be able to see things separately before we can understand how they can  ¬Ã‚ t together. while it is recognized that the two processes, managing and leading, must work together and reside within the same individual, it is useful in order to understand each process more completely to comprehend them separately. It is argued then that the two processes, while distinct, cannot effectively work without each other working in tandem. From the standpoint of the purposes of the two processes, how effective is it for a leader to develop a vision for the organization and to muster support and motivation to pursue it if the manager in him/her does not procure and efficiently allocate the resources to accomplish the vision? Or, the manager can effectively select and allocate resources, but if he/she has no vision or sense of direction what is that allocation based on, and where is it taking the organization. Leading Managing purpose: To create direction will to pursue it through the development of peoples thinking and valuing. Products: The establishment of thrust toward a purpose or end the creation of social orderliness to carry out that thrust higher states of behavior and thinking in terms of principles, values, morality, and ethics. Processes : Creating vision, aligning people within a team, managing their Self, recognizing and rewarding, communicating meaning and importance of the vision. Purpose: To determine and compare alternative uses and allocations of resources and to select that alternative which is most energy effective toward accomplishing or producing a product, end or goal. Products : Resources, organized effort, and awareness of performance and progress toward goals the creation of a desired mode of working among people and other resources The creation of the most energy effective way of dealing with the causes of events and situations in accomplishing a purpose tied to a particular situation Processes : Planning, organizing, controlling, and coordinating. There must be a constant hand off, or changing of hats, within a single leader/manager to be effective. The leader part of the leader/manager develops the vision and sense of direction and the manager  ¬Ã‚ gures out how to get there in terms of the right alternative path, acquiring and allocating the resources that are needed. Wearing his/her leader hat he/she works the people issues and engenders commitment, and motivation while advancing the organizations ethics and values. Handing off to the manager in him/herself she insures that goals are set and helps determines the most effective way of accomplishing those goals. The mission is carried out through this constant handing off (within the same person) from leader to manager and back to leader. 2.6 Leading or managing (Kent, 2005) The leader/manager must act in the manner appropriate to the given context. If the vision is clear and well communicated, it is probably time to get working on its execution. That would include establishing goals, making assignments, following up and other managing functions. It is probably safe to say that most would agree that there are (at least) two signi ¬Ã‚ cant functions that are important to the success of any organization leading and managing. The two functions are, practically speaking, inseparable. Theoretically and conceptually, they can be differentiated. They can be studied, to some extent, separately. But in reality, they reside within, and are practiced by single individuals. Organizations need both functions in order to thrive. It is probably an acceptable proposition that most positions in modern day organizations that require some degree of leadership also require some degree of managing (using those words as de ¬Ã‚ ned above). but one might ask what is the degree of leadership and of managing that is required by a given position? Would it not be possible, given the argument to this point, that we could calibrate the leadership requirements of any position and the managing requirements of that position as well? We can imagine jobs that require a high degree of managing and a low degree of leading perhaps a manufacturing engineer who is responsible for installing a new section in a manufacturing line. this does not suggest that the job does not require any leadership. We might see that the engineer must gain the commitment of the line workers, enlist their cooperation, recognize their assistance and contributions, etc. but for the most part, the job requires managing many details and resources. yet a different job, say a team leader for a self-directed work team might be described as demanding a great deal of leadership and only some managing. again, the team leader must manage some things it is not that they have nothing to manage; but the greatest demand of the team leader is on her leadership. a third job, such as a project manager for a new product introduction, may require a great deal of both managing and leading. a fourth job, perhaps a receptionist in a law  ¬Ã‚ rm, requires little managing or leading.  ¬Ã‚ nally, some supervisory positions require the incumbent to perform the hands-on work itself, coordinate and problem solve the work, and to lead a number of others who are also performing the work. 2.7 How management and leadership can work together (Haslam, 2004) the difference between a manager and a leader is that a manager says, Go, while a leader says, Lets go. Management researchers concede that leadership is an integral part of a managers job, but how much depends on the circumstances. although some companies use job titles like team leader, a leader fulfils a role rather than a position. anyone in an organization could be a leader, given the right situation. This principle is sometimes used politically, where each person takes on the role as leader at different times. one well-known example is the rotating Presidency of the European Union, where each EU country gets a six-month turn at being the leader. The Presidential country is not the manager of the European Union. management tasks are dealt with in Brussels. during its term, the EU President takes care of diplomacy, both within and outside of the EU: a relationship issue. 2.8 Can a Manager be a Leader and a Leader be a Manager? (Ukko, J. Tenhunen, J . Rantanen, H., 2007) the answer to the question is yes. The skills to be a leader or a manager are not exclusive in nature. A leader who only displays leadership skills will be ineffective when it comes to checking time cards, completing employee reviews, and scheduling employee vacation time; things that employers require their managers to do on timely bases. Similarly, a manager who spends all his/her time completing paperwork and reading reports; only creates more problems for him or her because they lack a developing relationship with their employees. If you are a manager who has spent too much time managing and not leading his/her employees, start spending 10% of your time each week leading until you can establish 25% of your time in leadership practices. If you are a leader who only likes to lead, either become a politician, hire an assistant to be the manager, or start spending 50% of your time getting the paperwork done. 2.9 Differences between leadership and management (Lightfoot, W Kehal ,M, 2005) management and leadership are often considered interchangeable. Yet relatively recent evidence argues in favor of the two becoming separate disciplines related, but clearly different. Regarding leadership, there are set of fundamental truths about all leaders as follow : 1. Leaders always create (and need) change 2. Leaders always create (and need) followers 3. Leaders have a rock-solid value system, which is congruent with their followers. (Gill, 2005) the differences between management and leadership simply.Managers plan, allocate resources, administer and control, whereas leaders innovate, communicate and motivate. vision is one of the key differences between a manager and a leader. Other differences can be illustrated as follow: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Management is about path following; leadership is path finding. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Management is about doing things right; leadership is about doing the right things. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Management is about planning and budgeting; leadership is about establishing direction. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Management is about controlling and problem solving; leadership is about motivating and inspiring In addition , leadership represents one of the oldest, most natural and most effective of all human relationships. Management is a later product, with neither so romantic nor so inspiring a history. leadership is of the spirit, compounded of personality and vision; its practice is an art. Management is of the mind, more a matter of accurate calculation of statistics, of methods, timetables, and routine; its practice is a science. managers are necessary; leaders are essential. (Crevani,L. Lindgren, M. Packendorff, J., 2010) the biggest difference between managers and leaders is the way they motivate the people who work or follow them, and this sets the tone for most other aspects of what they do. Many people, by the way, are both. They have management jobs, but they realize that you Cannot buy hearts, especially to follow them down a difficult path, and so act as leaders too. leaders manage and managers lead but the two activities are not synonymous. management functions can potentially provide leadership; leadership activities can contribute to managing. Nevertheless, some managers do not lead, and some leaders do not manage. There is a profound difference between management and leadership, and both are important. to manage means to bring about, to accomplish, to have charge of or responsibility for, to conduct. leading is influencing, guiding in a direction, course, action, opinion. (Kent, 2005) one way to understand something is to identify how it is different from something else. Since the 1980s most scholars trying to understand transformational leadership have attempted to differentiate between leading and managing and to understand leading as something distinct and separate from managing. Some characterizations of these differences include the ideas of: managers do things right; leaders do the right things; managing is an authority relationship; leading is an in ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡uence relationship; and managing creates stability; leading creates change. While these ideas are provocative and stimulating, they do not provide a basis for study and deep understanding of the dynamics behind the two processes of leading and managing. We can de ¬Ã‚ ne both the leading function and the managing function in three terms. Each term or perspective is distinctly different from the other two. the  ¬Ã‚ rst term provides the perspective of the purpose of each function. this answers the question why does each function exist? the second term describes the products or outcomes or results of each function. this answer the question what does each function result in or create? the third term has to do with the processes involved in each respective function and it answers the question how does each function come about, or how is each manifested? 3- Discussion Leaders have followers. Managers have subordinates. The biggest difference between managers and leaders is the way they inspire the people who work with. There are some key differences. Managers usually have people whose output they are responsible for. They have a positional authority over their follower and their output. Alternately, following a leader is always a voluntary activity. Leadership is often situational rather than positional the right person in the right place at the right time to lead the troops forward. It is clear that manager and leader both may know the business well. But the leader must know it better and in a different way. He must grasp the essential facts and the underlying forces that determine the past and present trends in the business, so that he can generate a vision and a strategy to bring about its future. One telling sign of a good leader is an honest attitude towards the facts, towards objective truth. Subjective leader obscures the facts for the sake of narrow self-interest, partisan interest or prejudice. Effective leaders continually ask questions, probing all levels of the organization for information, testing their own perceptions, and rechecking the facts. They talk to their constituents. They want to know what is working and what is not. They keep an open mind for serendipity to bring them the knowledge they need to know what is true. An important source of information for this sort of leader is knowledge of the failures and mistakes that are being made in their organization. Leaders investigate reality, taking in the pertinent factors and analyzing them carefully. On this basis they produce visions, concepts, plans, and programs. Managers adopt the truth from others and implement it without probing for the facts that reveal reality. . Leaders base their vision, their appeal to others, and their integrity on reality, on the facts, on a careful estimate of the forces at play, and on the trends and contradictions. They develop the means for changing the original balance of forces so that their vision can be realized.. The most dramatic differences between leaders and managers are found at the extremes: poor leaders are despots, while poor managers are bureaucrats in the worst sense of the word. Whilst leadership is a human process and management is a process of resource allocation, both have their place and managers must also perform as leaders. All first-class managers turn out to have quite a lot of leadership ability. We can sum up the key differences between manager and leader as follow: The manager administers; the leader innovates. The manager is a copy; the leader is an original. The manager maintains; the leader develops. The manager focuses on systems and structure; the leader focuses on people. The manager relies on control; the leader inspires trust. The manager accepts reality; the leader investigates it. The manager has a short-range view; the leader has a long-range perspective. The manager asks how and when; the leader asks what and why. The manager imitates; the leader originates. The manager accepts the status quo; the leader challenges it. The manager is the classic good soldier; the leader is his or her own person. To summarize, leadership and management are certainly different but are essentially complementary to each other. Manager uses a formal, rational method whilst the leader uses passion and stirs emotions If you want to lead employees to very high performance, treat them with great respect and not like robots, thus leading them to treat their work, their customers, each other and their bosses with great respect. Its vital for senior individuals in positions of great responsibility to be able to play both roles: the boss who cannot manage will kill an organization just as fast as one who cannot lead. But the person who can do both, they are on the path to success. 4- Conclusion Although there are clear differences between management and leadership or manager and leader, there is also a considerable amount of overlap . when managers are involved in planning, organizing , staffing and controlling , they are involved in management . Both processes involve influencing a group of individuals toward goal attainment.

Doll House Essay

In the play â€Å"A DOLL’S HOUSE†, we are presented with a very idealistic version of life in the late 1800’s, and along with that, the very confined roles both men and women were placed into. â€Å"A DOLL’S HOUSE† lends proof to the fact that women do not always enjoy the freedom to say, do and choose a lifestyle that they find fulfilling. The story that the play presents sheds a very domineering light on males as heads of households, and in society in general, and portrays women as dependent and subservient. In the opening scene of â€Å"A DOLL’S HOUSE†, the main character Nora very tellingly hides, and later lies to her husband about eating a sugary treat (Ibsen). Although Nora’s husband Torvald grills with questions such as â€Å"Hasn’t Miss Sweet Tooth been breaking rules in town today? † she continues to deny that she has, despite having hidden a few macaroons in her pocket moments earlier (Ibsen). The question might arise: â€Å"would a man ever be subject to such questioning and severe restrictions†? We do not often see the roles reversed, were the woman controls so much of what a man eats, how much he spends, what he does in his spare time, etc. , especially in literature and other sources of entertainment. Too often, the â€Å"traditional† views of marital and societal roles regarding men and women are presented over and over; the male â€Å"wears the pants†, dictating to the woman how much she should spend, where she should spend it, and how to behave â€Å"Properly†. As the play progresses, we learn that Nora has committed a grievous crime, forging her fathers signature on a bond secured in order for she and her husband to spend time in Europe as part of Torvalds recovery from a grave illness. Nora is shown to be very dependent on money, and things of monetary value, and therefore her husband since he was obviously procurer of their financial status. Nora comes across as is very dependent on Torvald for her financial needs, and also extremely greedy as evidenced when she exclaims like a child â€Å"Money!  Ã¢â‚¬  at the sight of her husband producing more money to give her (Ibsen). She follows that with â€Å"ten shillings–a pound- -two pounds! Thank you, thank you! † (Ibsen). Such exchanges throughout the play place such a childlike dependency on Nora towards her husband. It is interesting that Nora takes a secret pride in her crime, feeling that it sets her apart and gives her more purpose, while at the same time worrying about how â€Å"humiliating it would be for Torvald, with his manly independence, to know that he owed me anything!  Ã¢â‚¬  even fearing that their â€Å"beautiful happy home would no longer be†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Ibsen). Further still throughout the play, we are faced with more evidence to support the fact that women were not seen as equals in marriage, but as someone to be either proud of or shamed by according to their looks, actions, and ability to keep a home running smoothly. Nora herself is very aware of her place as a thing to be admired when she remarks to her friend Mrs. Linde, â€Å"someday†¦when I am no longer as nice-looking as I am now†¦when Torvald is no longer as devoted to me as he is now; when my dancing and dressing-up and reciting have palled on him;† (Ibsen). Another very telling exchange between Torvald and Nora takes place during the preparation for a ball in which Nora is to dance. While trying to discourage her husband from getting the mail, and finding a letter from the man who was going to reveal her crime, Nora plays to Torvalds dominant tendency insisting that she cannot do it correctly without his help. Although their conversation is in reference to her dance and practicing, it seems to shed some light on the type of relationship they have. Nora exclaims â€Å"I can’t dance tomorrow if I don’t practice with you†¦criticize me, and correct me†¦Ã¢â‚¬  to which Torvald replies â€Å"with great pleasure, if you wish me to† (Ibsen). As they practice, Nora’s nerves about her crime being exposed get the best of her and she is unable to perform correctly. Torvald cries â€Å"you will need a lot of coaching†¦you can depend on me† (Ibsen).

American Anti Slavery

As we saw In the previous lecture, many Americans In the nineteenth century believed that slavery was justified by the Bible. Explain how The American Anti- Slavery Almanac, a well-known abolitionist publication whose authors attacked slavery, tried to discredit the notion that Christianity Justified slavery. | 200 words I 50 points. Throughout The American Anti-Slavery Almanac, abolitionists wrote that the Christians did many anti-slavery acts.On of the biggest arguments was the â€Å"negro seat† found In churches. On page 21, It states that churches â€Å"publicly deride and blasphemously criticize† this idea of the â€Å"negro seat† in churches. It also states that â€Å"Every church that has a â€Å"negro seat† keeps posted upon its walls a standing criticism on God's workmanship, a public proclamation of their contempt for It. † The church finds it wrong that many churches have designated seats for negros. â€Å"Why single out certain seats fo r them and make them sit in them? On page 37, it states â€Å"According to the Bible, oppression maketh a man mad; but according to the objector, top oppressing him and yon make him madder! That inflicting wrongs upon a person is calculated to exasperate him against the inflictor, everyone one knows,: and that the way to soothe his exasperation, make him forget his wrongs, and fill him with kind feelings towards you. † This explains that the wrong doings to a slave is against the Bible. God looks at everyone as his brothers and sisters.On Page 38, â€Å"Since robbing a man of his liberty and earnings, makes him your enemy, the first step to be aken in making him your friends, is to stop doing that which made him your enemy. The Bible gives this commonsense direction to all who wish to make others their friends. † 2. As we saw in the previous lecture, many Americans in the nineteenth century believed that slavery was an economic necessity. They argued that Its abolishin g would ruin the country's economy. Explain how The American Anti-Slavery Almanac tried to discredit this notion. 200 words | 50 points. Throughout The American Ann-slavery Almanac, abolitionists explained how they iscredited the idea that abolishing slavery would ruin the countrys economy. The abolitionists explained that getting rid of slavery would stop the theft that was going on between slaves and slaveholders and actually increase profit, which would help the economy. On page 44 it is explains that cotton is a major product that slaveholders have slaves working on. The slaves would steal a lot of this cotton causing loss of money.On page 36, it explains that getting rid of slavery would force he slaves to now work for their own money and benefits, which would open up more lobs and more spending, which all helps the economy. And lastly one other argument that was made throughout The American Anti-Slavery Almanac was that slaveholders would no longer have to pay their slaves and could now make and sell more products. All of these arguments come to one conclusion, which is that the abolitionists stressed tnat wltn tne a 01 t D I Ion 0T slavery wlll orlnga netter economy Tor Dotn tn slaveholders and slaves. American Anti Slavery As we saw in the previous lecture, many Americans in the nineteenth century believed that slavery was justified by the Bible. Explain how The American Anti-Slavery Almanac, a well-known abolitionist publication whose authors attacked slavery, tried to discredit the notion that Christianity justified slavery. | 200 words | 50 points. Throughout The American Anti-Slavery Almanac, abolitionists wrote that the Christians did many anti-slavery acts. On of the biggest arguments was the â€Å"negro seat† found in churches.On page 21, it states that churches â€Å"publicly deride and blasphemously criticize† this idea of the â€Å"negro seat† in churches. It also states that â€Å"Every church that has a â€Å"negro seat† keeps posted upon its walls a standing criticism on God’s workmanship, a public proclamation of their contempt for it. † The church finds it wrong that many churches have designated seats for negros. â€Å"Why single out certain se ats for them and make them sit in them?†On page 37, it states â€Å"According to the Bible, oppression maketh a man mad; but according to the objector, stop oppressing him and yon make him madder! That inflicting wrongs upon a person is calculated to exasperate him against the inflictor, everyone one knows,: and that the way to soothe his exasperation, make him forget his wrongs, and fill him with kind feelings towards you. † This explains that the wrong doings to a slave is against the Bible. God looks at everyone as his brothers and sisters.On Page 38, â€Å"Since robbing a man of his liberty and earnings, makes him your enemy, the first step to be taken in making him your friends, is to stop doing that which made him your enemy. The Bible gives this commonsense direction to all who wish to make others their friends. † As we saw in the previous lecture, many Americans in the nineteenth century believed that slavery was an economic necessity. They argued that it s abolishing would ruin the country’s economy. Explain how The American Anti-Slavery Almanac tried to discredit this notion.Throughout The American Anti-Slavery Almanac, abolitionists explained how they discredited the idea that abolishing slavery would ruin the country’s economy. The abolitionists explained that getting rid of slavery would stop the theft that was going on between slaves and slaveholders and actually increase profit, which would help the economy. On page 44 it is explains that cotton is a major product that slaveholders have slaves working on. The slaves would steal a lot of this cotton causing loss of money.On page 36, it explains that getting rid of slavery would force the slaves to now work for their own money and benefits, which would open up more jobs and more spending, which all helps the economy. And lastly one other argument that was made throughout The American Anti-Slavery Almanac was that slaveholders would no longer have to pay their slave s and could now make and sell more products. All of these arguments come to one conclusion, which is that the abolitionists stressed that with the abolition of slavery will bring a better economy for both the slaveholders and slaves.

Science Stemming From Cellular Research - 1022 Words

Meagan Martin Coach Thames/Mrs. Miller Health Science Capstone/English 1113 25 October 2014 Science Stemming from Cellular Research Since the discovery of stem cells, scientist have been studying new ways Scientists have been using stem cells since their discovery to improve research and treatments. One type of organ improvement stem cells have played an important part in recently is the heart. There can now be a reduction in cardiovascular disease morbidity rates through the utilization of stem cells, and worrying about compatibility and time can become a thing of the past. Through the use of stem cells, repair, rehabilitation, and transplant can help or even cure myocardial necrosis. A stem cell is an undifferentiated cell that can†¦show more content†¦For example, scientists at the Texas Heart Institute extracted stem cells and anti-inflammitory from fat tissue from a patient that had had a myocardial infarction. Scientists then injected the stem cells into the damaged area of the heart. They then studied patients with stem cell injections and without stem cell injections. From baseline to six months, they noticed patients without stem cells damage area increased by 5.1%, and patients with stem cells damage area decreased by 3% (Texas Heart). This study had positive affects, as did a similar one. Other scientists induced rats to have myocardial infarctions. They then extracted cardiac stem cells from the rats themselves and injected them back into the damaged area of the heart. Mortality rates decreased, and scientists noticed the aortic and myocardial walls became thicker to protect themselves from future problems (Beltrami, Barlucchi, Torella). From the use of stem cells, cardiovascular repair can greatly decrease mortality rates and increase quality of life for survivors. After patients have gone through heart disease, like any other injury, therapeutic steps must be taken. Therapy and rehabilitation of damaged hearts has been improved through the utilization of stem cells. Therapy includes strengthening of the damaged area as to prevent the incident from reoccurring and getting the patient back to their normal life. Scientists, again, used rats that had had induced myocardial infarctions. This